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What Is Restricted Earth Fault Relay. A ground relay must detect all phase-to-ground faults within its defined zone of protection under conditions which produce minimum fault current. It does not detect the fault current outside of the protective zone.
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Hence the name restricted earth fault protection. Hence only current I2 flows through the earth fault relay. This is shown in fig.
That means the protection function will work only within a specified zone that is pre-determined.
Ie it responds to earth faults within a defined zone. The earth fault relay must be very sensitive for sensing the fault. It is a type of very sensitive differential protection that can detect earth faults which are. The term REF protection method means not to.